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Sa, Manoel de - Portuguese theologian and exegete, b. at Villa do Conde (Province Entre-Minho-e-Douro), 1530; d. at Arona (Italy), 30 Dec., 1596.
Saavedra, Fajardo Diego de - Statesman and author, b. at Algezares, Murcia, Spain, in 1584; d. at Madrid in 1648.
Saavedra Remírez de Baquedano, Angel de - Spanish poet and statesman, b. at Cordova, 10 March, 1791; d. at Madrid, 22 June, 1865.
Saba and Sabeans - This Saba (Sheba) must not be confounded with Saba (Seba) in Ethiopia of Is., xliii, 3; xlv, 14. It lies in the Southern Arabian Jôf about 200 miles north-west of Aden.
Sabaoth - In Hebrew, plural form of "host" or "army". The word is used almost exclusively in conjunction with the Divine name as a title of majesty: "the Lord of Hosts", or "the Lord God of Hosts".
Sabbas, Saint - St. Sabbas, or Sabas. Basilian monk, hermit, founded the monastery at Mar Saba near Jerusalem. Died 532. Article also mentions five other saints of this name.
Sabbatarians, Sabbatarianism - Defines Sabbatarianism as a rigorist conflation of the Christian Sunday with the Jewish Sabbath, devotes attention to Seventh-Day Sabbatarianism as well.
Sabbath - The seventh day of the week among the Hebrews, the day being counted from sunset to sunset, that is, from Friday evening to Saturday evening.
Sabbatical Year - The seventh year, devoted to cessation of agriculture, and holding in the period of seven years a place analogous to that of the Sabbath in the week; also called "Year of Remission".
Sabbatine Privilege - The name Sabbatine Privilege is derived from the apocryphal Bull "Sacratissimo uti culmine" of John XXII, 3 March, 1322.
Sabina, Saint - Martyr in 126 or 127, at Rome.
Sabinianus, Pope - Reigned 604-606. The son of Bonus, he was born at Blera (Bieda) near Viterbo. In 593 he was sent by St. Gregory I as apocrisiarius or Apostolic nuncio to Constantinople; but in some respects his administration of the office did not come up to Gregory's expectations.
Sabran, Louis de - Jesuit (1652-1732)
Sabrata - A titular see in Tripolitana. Sabrata was a Phoenician town on the northern coast of Africa, between the two Syrta. With Oca and Leptis Magna it caused the Greek name Tripolis to be given to the region.
Sacchoni, Rainerio - A learned and zealous Dominican, born at Piacenza about the beginning of the thirteenth century; died about 1263.
Sacra Jam Splendent - The opening words of the hymn for Matins of the Feast of the Holy Family.
Sacramentals - In instituting the sacraments Christ did not determine the matter and form down to the slightest detail, leaving this task to the Church, which should determine what rites were suitable in the administration of the sacraments. These rites are indicated by the word Sacramentalia, the object of which is to manifest the respect due to the sacrament and to secure the sanctification of the faithful.
Sacraments - Presents the necessity, the nature, the origin/cause, the number, the effects, the minister, and the recipient of the Sacraments.
Sacred Heart, Brothers of the - A congregation founded in 1821 by Père André Coindre, of the Diocese of Lyons, France. Its constitutions were modeled upon the constitutions of St. Ignatius based upon the Rule of Saint Augustine. Its members bind themselves for life by the simple vows of religion.
Sacred Heart of Jesus, Missionaries of the - A religious congregation of priests and lay brothers with the object of promoting the knowledge and practice of devotion to the Heart of Jesus as embodied in the revelations to Margaret Mary Alacoque.
Sacred Heart of Jesus, Missionary Sisters of the - A religious congregation having its general mother house at Rome, founded in 1880 by Mother Francis Xavier Cabrini.
Sacred Heart of Jesus, Society of the - Founded in Belgium.
Sacred Heart of Jesus, Society of the - An institution of religious women, taking perpetual vows and devoted to the work of education.
Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary, Congregation of the - Better known as the Congregation of Picpus, was founded by Father Coudrin, b. at Coursay-les-Bois, in Poiton on 1 March, 1768.
Sacrifice - This term is identical with the English offering (Latin offerre) and the German Opfer.
Sacrilege - The violation or injurious treatment of a sacred object. In a less proper sense any transgression against the virtue of religion would be a sacrilege.
Sacris Solemniis - The opening words of the hymn for Matins of Corpus Christi and of the Votive Office of the Most Blessed Sacrament, composed by St. Thomas Aquinas.
Sacristan - An officer who is charged with the care of the sacristy, the church, and their contents. In ancient times many duties of the sacristan were performed by the doorkeepers (ostiarii), later by the mansionarii and the treasurers.
Sacristy - A room in the church or attached thereto, where the vestments, church furnishings and the like, sacred vessels, and other treasures are kept, and where the clergy meet and vest for the various ecclesiastical functions.
Sadducees - A politico-religious sect of the Jews during the late post-Exile and New-Testament period. The old derivation of the name from tsaddiqim, i.e. the righteous; with assumed reference to the adherence of the Sadducees to the letter of the Law as opposed to the pharasaic attention to the superadded "traditions of the elders", is now generally discredited.
Sadler, Thomas Vincent Faustus - Missionary born 1604; died at Dieulward, Flanders, 19 Jan., 1680-1.
Sadlier, Mary Anne Madden - Authoress, b. at Cootehill, Co. Cavan, Ireland, 30 Dee., 1820; d. at Montreal, Canada, 5 April, 1903.
Sadoleto, Jacopo - Cardinal, humanist, and reformer (1477-1547)
Sagalassus - A titular see in Pisidia, suffragan of Antioch.
Sahagún, Bernardino de - Missionary and Aztec archeologist, b. at Sahagún, Kingdom of Leon, Spain, in or before the year 1500; d. at Mexico, 23 Oct., 1590.
Sahaptin Indians - A prominent tribe formerly holding a considerable territory in Western Idaho and adjacent portions of Oregon and Washington.
Sahara, Vicariate Apostolic of - Vast desert of northern Africa, measuring about 932 miles from north to south and 2484 miles from east to west, and dotted with oases which are centres of population.
Sailer, Johann Michael - Professor of theology and Bishop of Ratisbon, b. at Aresing in Upper Bavaria 17 October, 1751; d. 20 May, 1832, at Ratisbon.
Sainctes, Claude de - French controversialist, b. at Perche, 1525; d. at Crèvecoeur, 1591.
Saint Albans, Abbey of - Located in Hertfordshire, England; founded about 793 by Offa, king of the Mercians.
Saint Albert - Diocese in Canada.
Saint Andrews and Edinburgh - The exact date of the foundation of the See of St. Andrews is, like any others in the earliest history of the Scottish Church, difficult, if not impossible, to fix.
Saint Andrews, Priory of - One of the great religious houses in Scotland and the metropolitan church in that country before the Reformation.
Saint Andrews, University of - The germ of the university is to be found in an association of learned ecclesiastics, formed in 1410, among whom were: Laurence of Lindores, Abbot of Scone, Richard Cornwall, Archdeacon of Lothian, Wm. Stephen, afterwards Archbishop of Dunblane. They offered courses of lectures in divinity, logic, philosophy, canon and civil law.
Saint Asaph, Ancient Diocese of - Founded by St. Kentigern about the middle of the sixth century when he was exiled from his see in Scotland.
Saint Augustine, Abbey of - Benedictine monastery, originally dedicated to Sts. Peter and Paul, founded in 605 outside of the City of Canterbury, on the site of the earlier Church of St. Pancras.
Saint Bartholomew's Day - This massacre of which Protestants were the victims occurred in Paris on 24 August, 1572 (the feast of St. Bartholomew), and in the provinces of France during the ensuing weeks, and it has been the subject of knotty historical disputes.
Saint Benedict, Medal of - A medal, originally a cross, dedicated to the devotion in honour of St. Benedict.
Saint Bonaventure, College of - At Quaracchi, near Florence, Italy, famous as the centre of literary activity in the Order of Friars Minor, was founded 14 July, 1879, by Mgr. Bernardino del Vago, Archbishop of Sardis, then minister general of the order.
Saint Boniface - Archdiocese; the chief ecclesiastical division of the Canadian West, so-called after the patron saint of the German soldiers who were among its first settlers.
Saint Cloud - A suffragan of the Archdiocese of St. Paul, Minn., comprises the counties of Stearns, Sherburne, Benton, Morrison, Mille Lacs, Kanabec, Grant, Pope, Stevens, Isanti, Traverse, Douglas, Wilkin, Otter-Tail, Todd, Wadena, in the State of Minnesota, an area of 12,251 square miles. The bishop resides in St. Cloud, Stearns county.
Saint Francis Mission - A noted Catholic Indian mission village under Jesuit control near Pierreville, Yamaska district, Province of Quebec, Canada.
Saint Francis Xavier's College, University of - University in Nova Scotia founded in 1885 under the name of St. Francis Xavier's College
Saint Gall - A Swiss bishopric directly subject to the Holy See. It includes the Canton of St. Gall and, as a temporary arrangement, the two half-cantons of Appenzell Outer Rhodes and Appenzell Inner Rhodes.
Saint George, Orders of - Knights of St. George appear at different historical periods and in different countries as mutually independent bodies having nothing in common but the veneration of St. George, the patron of knighthood.
Saint George's - Diocese in Newfoundland. Beginning at Garnish it takes in the western portion of the south coast and then stretches along the Gulf of St. Lawrence, northwards, almost as far as the Straits of Belle Isle, lying between 55° 20' and 59° 30' west longitude and between 47° 30' and 51° 20' north latitude.
Saint Hyacinthe - Diocese in the Province of Quebec, suffragan of Montreal.
Saint Isidore, College of - In Rome, originally founded for the use of Spanish Franciscans during the pontificate of Gregory XV.
Saint James of Compostela, Order of - Founded in the twelfth century, owes its name to the national patron of Spain, St. James the Greater.
Saint John - Diocese in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada.
Saint John's University - The legal title of a Catholic boarding-school at Collegeville, Minnesota, conducted by the Benedictine Fathers of St. John's Abbey.
Saint Joseph, Diocese of - The City of St. Joseph, Missouri, was founded by Joseph Robidoux, a Catholic. At the Second Plenary Council of Baltimore in 1866, St. Joseph was among the new episcopal sees proposed.
Saint Joseph's College, University of - Founded in 1864 by Rev. Camille Lefebvre in Memramcook, New Brunswick, Canada.
Saint Louis (Missouri) - Created a diocese 2 July, 1826; raised to the rank of an archdiocese 20 July, 1847.
Saint Louis, University of - Probably the oldest university west of the Mississippi River, was founded in the City of St. Louis in 1818 by the Right Reverend Louis William Du Bourg, Bishop of Louisiana.
Saint Lucius, Monastery of - Located in Chur, Switzerland. The Church of St. Lucius was built over the grave of this saint, whose relics were preserved in it until the sixteenth century.
Saint Mark, University of - The highest institution of learning in Peru, located at Lima, under the official name of Universidad Mayor de San Marcos. Reputed to be the oldest university in the New World, created by a royal decree of 12 May, 1551.
Saint Omer, College of - Well-known Jesuit college at St. Omer, often spoken of under the anglicized form of St. Omers or St. Omer's, founded by Father Parsons in 1592 or 1593.
Saint Paul (Minnesota) - Archdiocese comprising the counties of Ramsey, Hennepin, Chisago, Anoka, Dakota, Scott, Wright, Rice, Lesueur, Carver, Nicollet, Sibley, Meeker, Redwood, Renville, Kandiyohi, Lyon, Lincoln, Yellow Medicine, Lac-Qui-Parle, Chippewa, Swift, Goodhue, Big Stone, and Brown, which stretch across the State of Minnesota from east to west, in about the center of its southern half.
Saint Paul-without-the Walls - An abbey nullius. As early as 200 the burial place of the great Apostle in the Via Ostia was marked by a cella memoriæ, near which the Catacomb of Comodilla was established.
Saint Peter, Basilica of - The present Church of St. Peter stands upon the site where at the beginning of the first century the gardens of Agrippina lay.
Saint Peter, Tomb of - The history of the confusion and conflicting authorities surrounding the location of the tomb of Saint Peter.
Saint Petersburg - The imperial residence and second capital of Russia, lies at the mouth of the Neva on the Gulf of Finland.
Saint Sylvester, Order of - The Order is neither monastic nor military but a purely honorary title created by Gregory XVI, 31 Oct., 1841.
Saint Thomas, Diocese of - Diocese comprising the Islands of São Thomé and Principe, in the Gulf of Guinea.
Saint Thomas of Guiana - Diocese; suffragan of Caracas, erected by Pius VI on 19 Dec., 1791, comprises the former state of Bermúdez, districts of Nueva Esparta and Guayana, and territories of Amazonas, Caura, Colón, Orinoco, and Yuruary, in the south and east of Venezuela.
Saint Thomas of Mylapur - Diocese. Suffragan to the primatial See of Goa in the East Indies.
Saint Thomas, University of - University in Manila, founded in 1619 by the Dominican Miguel de Benavides, Archbishop of Manila.
Saint Vincent de Paul, Society of - International association of Catholic laymen engaging in personal service of the poor.
Saint-Brieuc - Diocese; comprises the Department of the Côtes du Nord. Re-established by the Concordat of 1802 as suffragan of Tours, later, in 1850, suffragan of Rennes.
Saint-Claude - The Diocese of Saint-Claude comprised in the eighteenth century only twenty-six parishes, subject previously to the Abbey of Saint-Claude, and some parishes detached from the Dioceses of Besançon and Lyons.
Saint-Cosme, Jean-François Buisson de - Born in Quebec, Canada, February, 1667; killed, 1707. Entering the Séminaire des Missions Etrangères of Quebec, he was ordained in 1690 and after serving for a time at Minas, Nova Scotia (then Acadia), was assigned to the western mission.
Saint-Denis - Diocese erected in 1850 as suffragan of Bordeaux, includes the Island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean about 350 miles cast of Madagascar.
Saint-Denis, Abbey of - Situated in a small town to which it has given its name, about four miles north of Paris.
Saint-Dié - Diocese comprising the Department of the Vosges.
Sainte-Claire Deville, Charles - Geologist, b. at St. Thomas, West Indies, 26 February, 1814; d. in Paris 10 October, 1876.
Sainte-Claire Deville, Henri-Etienne - Chemist, b. at St. Thomas, West Indies, 11 March, 1818; d. at Boulogne, 1 July, 1881.
Sainte-Geneviève, Abbey of - In Paris, founded by King Clovis who established there a college of clerics, later called canons regular.
Saint-Flour - Diocese comprising the Department of Cantal, and is suffragan of the Archbishopric of Bourges.
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne - Diocese of Mauramanensis. Includes the arrondissement of Saint Jean-de-Maurienne in the Department of Haute Savoie.
Saint-John, Ambrose - Oratorian; b. 1815; d. at Edgbaston, Birmingham, 24 May, 1875; son of Henry St. John, descended from the Barons St. John of Bletsoe.
Saint-Ouen, Abbey of - Located in Rouen, France, this abbey was a Benedictine monastery of great antiquity dating back to the early Merovingian period.
Saint-Pierre and Miquelon - Prefecture apostolic comprising the only French possession in North America, a group of islands.
Saints Vincent and Anastasius, Abbey of - Located near Rome.
Saint-Simon and Saint-Simonism - Claude Henri de Rouvroy, Comte de Saint-Simon, was born in Paris, 17 Oct., 1760; died there, 19 May, 1825. He belonged to the family of the author of the "Memoirs".
Saint-Simon, Louis de Rouvroy, Duc de - Born 16 January, 1675; died in Paris, 2 March, 1755.
Saint-Sulpice, Society of - Founded at Paris by M. Olier (1642) for the purpose of providing directors for the seminaries established by him.
Saint-Vallier, Jean-Baptiste de - Second Bishop of Quebec, b. at Grenoble, France, 14 Nov. 1653; d. at Quebec, Canada, 26 Dec., 1727; son of Jean de La Croix de Chevrières, and Marie de Sayne.
Saint-Victor, Abbey of - In 1108 William of Champeaux retired to a small hermitage dedicated to St. Victor, the martyr soldier. He was followed by many disciples and induced again to take up his lectures. Hence the origin of the Royal Abbey and School of St. Victor.
Saint-Victor, Achard de - Canon regular, Abbot of St-Victor, Paris, and Bishop of Avranches, b. about 1100; d. 1172.
Sala, George Augustus Henry - Journalist, b. in London, 24 Nov., 1828; d. at Brighton, 8 Dec., 1895, having been received into the Church before death.
Salamanca - Article on the Spanish diocese.
Salamanca, University of - Spanish university. Had its beginning in the Cathedral School under the direction, from the twelfth century, of a magister scholarum (chancellor).
Salamis - A titular see in Cyprus. Salamis was a maritime town on the eastern coast of Cyprus, situated at the end of a fertile plain between two mountains, near the River Pediaeus.
Salamon, Louis-Siffren-Joseph - Bishop of Saint-Flour; b. at Carpentras, 22 Oct., 1759; d. at Saint-Flour, 11 June, 1829.
Salazar, Domingo de - Born in La Rioja, in the village of La Bastida on the banks of the Ebro, 1512; died in Madrid, 4 December, 1594. Devoted to the conversion of natives of the new world.
Sale - Saliensis. Diocese in Victoria, Australia, comprises all the territory known as Gippsland.
Salem - An abbey situated near the Castle of Heiligenberg, about ten miles from Constance, Baden (Germany).
Salerno - Diocese in Campania, Southern Italy. The city is situated on the gulf of the same name, backed by a high rock crowned with an ancient castle.
Salesian Society, The - Founded by Saint John Bosco, takes its distinctive name from its patron, Saint Francis de Sales.
Salford - The Diocese of Salford comprises the Hundreds of Salford and Blackburn, in Lancashire, England, and was erected 29 Sept., 1850.
Salimbene degli Adami - Chronicler, b. at Parma, 9 Oct., 1221; d. probably at Montefalcone about 1288.
Salisbury, Ancient Diocese of - The diocese was originally founded by Birinus, who in 634 established his see at Dorchester in Oxfordshire, whence he evangelized the Kingdom of Wessex. From this sprang the later Dioceses of Winchester, Sherborne, Ramsbury, and Salisbury.
Saliva Indians - The principal of a small group of tribes constituting a distinct linguistic stock (the Salivan), centring in the eighteenth century, about and below the junction of the Meta and Orinoco, in Venezuela.
Salmanticenses and Complutenses - Authors of the courses of scholastic philosophy and theology, and moral theology.
Salmas - A Chaldean see, included in the ancient Archdiocese of Adhorbigan, or Adherbaidjan.
Salmeron, Alphonsus - Jesuit Biblical scholar, born at Toledo, 8 Sept., 1515; died at Naples, 13 Feb., 1585.
Salome - Daughter of Herod Philip and Herodias at whose request John the Baptist was beheaded.
Salt - Always used for the seasoning of food and for the preservation of things from corruption, had from very early days a sacred and religious character.
Salt Lake, Diocese of - Includes the State of Utah, and slightly more than half of the State of Nevada.
Salta, Diocese of - Comprises the civil Provinces of Salta and Jujuy in the northern part of the Republic of Argentina.
Saltillo, Diocese of - Diocese in the Republic of Mexico, suffragan of Linares, or Monterey.
Salto - Diocese in Uruguay, suffragan to Montevideo.
Salutati, Coluccio di Pierio di - Italian Humanist b. in Tuscany, 1331; d. 4 May, 1406.
Saluzzo - Diocese in the Province of Cuneo, Piedmont, Upper Italy.
Salvatierra, Juan Maria - Missionary born at Milan, 15 November, 1648; died at Guadalajara, 17 July, 1717.
Salvation - Salvation has in Scriptural language the general meaning of liberation from straitened circumstances or from other evils, and of a translation into a state of freedom and security.
Salve Mundi Salutare - A poem in honour of the various members of Christ on the Cross.
Salve Regina - The opening words (used as a title) of the most celebrated of the four Breviary anthems of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
Salvete Christi Vulnera - The Roman Breviary hymn at Lauds of the feast of the Most Precious Blood, is found in the Appendix to Pars Verna of the Roman Breviary (Venice, 1798).
Salvianus - Fifth-century Latin writer.
Salzburg - The Archdiocese of Salzburg is conterminous with the Austrian crown-land of the same name.
Salzmann, Joseph - Founder of St. Francis Provincial Seminary (St. Francis, Wisconsin) known as the "Salesianum", one of the best known pioneer priests of the North-west, b. at Münzbach, Diocese of Linz, Upper Austria, 17 Aug., 1819; d. at St. Francis, Wisconsin, 17 Jan., 1874.
Sámar and Leyte - The names of two civil provinces in the Visayan group of the Philippines.
Samaria - A titular see, suffragan of Cæsarea in Palestine Prima. In the sixth year of his reign (about 900 B. C.) Amri, King of Israel, laid the foundations of the city to which he gave the name of Samaria, "after the name of Semer the owner of the hill" (II Kings, xvi, 24).
Samaritan Language and Literature - History of the changes in the language as affected by the changing religious and ethnic culture of the land.
Sambuga, Joseph Anton - Theologian, b. at Walldorf near Heidelberg, 9 June; 1752; d. at Nymphenburg near Munich 5 June, according to Sailer, but 5 January according to other statements, 1815.
Samoa - A group of islands situated in the south Pacific.
Samogitia - A Russian diocese, also called Telshi (Telshe), including the part of Lithuania lying on the Baltic.
Samos - Titular see, suffragan of Rhodes in the Cyclades. The island, called in Turkish Soussan-Adassi, is 181 sq. miles in area and numbers 55,000 inhabitants, nearly all of whom are Greek schismatics.
Samosata - A titular see in Augusta Euphratensis, suffragan of Hierapolis, capital of Commagenum.
Sampson, Richard - English bishop (d. 1554)
Samson - Abbot of St. Edmunds (1135-1211)
Samson - Most famous of the Judges of Israel.
Samson, Saint - Biography of this Welsh-born abbot, reluctant bishop, confessor. Died about 565.
Samuco Indians - The collective name of a group of tribes in southwestern Bolivia.
San Antonio, Diocese of - Comprises all that portion of the State of Texas between the Colorado and Rio Grande Rivers, except the land south of the Arroyo de los Hermanos, on the Rio Grande, and the Counties of Live Oak, Bee, Goliad, and Refugio.
San Carlos de Ancud - The most southern of the Chilian dioceses.
San Francisco - Archdiocese established 29 July 1853 to include multiple counties in the State of California, U.S.A.
San Gallo - A celebrated family of architects, sculptors, painters, and engravers, which flourished in Italy during the Renaissance period, from the middle of the fifteenth to the end of the sixteenth century. The founder of the family was Francesco Giamberti (1405-80), a Florentine wood-carver; he had two sons, Giuliano and Antonio.
San José de Costa Rica - The Republic of Costa Rica, Central America, constitutes this diocese as a suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Guatemala.
San Juan - Diocese in the Argentine Republic at the foot of the Cordillera of the Andes.
San León del Amazonas - Prefecture Apostolic in Peru.
San Luis Potosí - Diocese in Mexico, erected by Pius IX in 1854. It includes the State of San Luis Potosí, and a small portion of the State of Zacatecas.
San Marco and Bisignano - Diocese in the Province of Cosenza in Calabria, Italy.
San Marino - An independent republic lying between the Italian Provinces of Forli, Pasaro, and Urbino.
San Martino al Cimino - A prelature nullius in the territory of the Diocese of Viterbo, Province of Rome.
San Miniato - A city and diocese in the Province of Florence, central Italy.
San Salvador - The name given by Columbus to his first discovery in the New World. It is one of the Bahama group of islands.
San Salvador - Diocese. The Republic of Salvador, often incorrectly called San Salvador from the name of its capital, is the smallest and most thickly populated state of Central America.
San Sepolcro, Piero da - Painter, b. at Borgo San-Sepolcro, about 1420; d. there, 1492.
San Severino - San Severino is a small town and seat of a bishopric in the Province of Macerata in the Marshes, Central Italy.
San Severo - Diocese in the Province of Foggia (Capitanata), Southern Italy, situated in a fertile plain, watered by the Radicosa and Triolo.
San Xavier del Bac, Mission of - One of the eight missions founded by the Spanish Padres between 1687 and 1720 in the Pimeria Alta, within the present limits of the State of Arizona.
Sánchez, Alonzo - Jesuit missionary and writer, born in Mondejar, Guadalajara, Spain, in 1547; died at Alcalá, 27 May, 1593.
Sánchez, Alonzo Coello - Painter - Born at Benyfayro, Valenciz, Spain, in 1513 or 1515; died at Madrid, 1590.
Sánchez, José Bernardo - Franciscan missionary - Born at Robledillo, Old Castile, Spain, 7 September, 1778; d. at San Gabriel, California, 15 January, 1833.
Sanchez, Thomas - Religious scholar/author - Born at Cordova, 1550; died in the college of Granada, 19 May, 1610.
Sanction - Sanction signifies the authoritative act whereby the legislator gives a law value and binding force for its subjects.
Sanctity - Explains the meaning of the term "sanctity" as employed in somewhat different senses in relation to God, to individual men, and to a corporate body.
Sanctorum Meritis - The hymn at First and Second Vespers in the Common of the Martyrs in the Roman Breviary. Its authorship is often attributed to Rabanus Maurus (d. 856), Archbishop of Mainz.
Sanctuary - A consecrated place of refuge.
Sanctuary - Church architecture term.
Sanctus - The Sanctus is the last part of the Preface in the Mass, sung in practically every rite by the people (or choir). One of the elements of the liturgy of which exists the earliest evidence.
Sandals, Episcopal - Unlike the ancient sandals, which consisted merely of soles fastened to the foot by straps, the episcopal sandals are in the form of low shoes, and resemble slippers.
Sandemanians - An English form of the Scottish sect of Glassites, followers of John Glas (b. 1695; d. 1773) who was deposed from the Presbyterian ministry in 1728, for teaching that the Church should not be subject to any league or covenant, but should be governed only by Apostolic doctrine.
Sandeo, Felino Maria - Often quoted under the name of Felinus, Italian canonist of the fifteenth century.
Sander, Anton - Historian, b. at Antwerp, 1586; d. at Afflighem, Belgium, 10 Jan., 1664.
Sander, Nicholas - English exile - Born at Charlwood, Surrey, in 1530; died in Ireland, 1581.
Sandhurst - Diocese in Victoria, Australia; suffragan of Melbourne.
Sandomir - Ancient Polish city with existing traces of prehistoric construction.
Sands, Benjamin and James - U.S. Navy admirals.
Sandwich Isands - Vicariate Apostolic comprising all the islands of the Hawaiian group.
Sanetch Indians - A sub-tribe of the Songish Indians.
Sanhedrin - The supreme council and court of justice among the Jews.
Sankt Pölten - Diocese in Lower Austria.
Sannazaro, Jacopo - Italian and Latin poet, b. at Naples, 28 July, 1458; d. at Rome, in Aug., 1530.
Sanseverino, Gaetano - Restorer of the Scholastic philosophy in Italy, b. at Naples, 1811; d. there of cholera, 16 Nov., 1865.
Sansovino, Andrea Contucci del - Sculptor of the transition period at the end of the fifteenth and beginning of the sixteenth century. Born at Monte San Sovino, Arezzo, 1460; died 1529.
Sant' Angelo de' Lombardi - Diocese in the Province of Avellino, Southern Italy. The city was established by the Lombards at an unknown period.
Sant' Angelo in Vado and Urbania - Diocese; S. Angelo in Vado is a city in the Marches, on the site of the ancient "Tifernum Metaurense", a town of the Umbrian Senones, near the River Metaurus, believed to have been destroyed by the Goths.
Santa Agata dei Goti, Diocese of - In the Province of Benevento, Southern Italy; the city, situated on a hill at the base of Monte Taburno, includes an ancient castle.
Santa Casa di Loreto - Since the fifteenth century, and possibly even earlier, the "Holy House" of Loreto has been numbered among the most famous shrines of Italy.
Santa Catharina - Diocese; suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Porto Alegre (São Pedro do Rio Grande), in Brazil, South America, created in 1906.
Santa Cruz de la Sierra - Diocese in Bolivia, erected on 6 July, 1605, as suffragan of Lima, but since 2 July, 1609, it has been dependent on La Plata (Charcas).
Santa Fe (Argentina) - Diocese in the Argentine Republic, suffragan of Buenos Aires.
Santa Fe (New Mexico) - Archdiocese in New Mexico, erected by Pius IX in 1850 and created an archbishopric in 1875.
Santa Lucia del Mela - Prelature nullius within the territory of the Archdiocese of Messina, Sicily.
Santa Maria (Brazil) - A Brazilian see, suffragan of Porto Alegre.
Santa Maria de Monserrato - An abbey nullius in Brazil.
Santa Marta - Diocese in Colombia, erected in 1535, its first bishop being Alfonso do Tobes.
Santa Severina - Diocese in the Province of Catanzaro in Calabria, Southern Italy. Situated on a rocky precipice on the site of the ancient Siberena, it became an important fortress of the Byzantines in their struggles with the Saracens.
Santander - Diocese in Spain which takes its name not from St. Andrew as some believe, but from St. Hemeterius (Santemter, Santenter, Santander), one of the patrons of the city and ancient abbey.
Santarem - Prelature nullius created in 1903, in the ecclesiastical Province of Belem do Pará.
Santiago del Estero - Diocese in the Argentine Republic, erected 25 March, 1907, suffragan of Buenos Aires.
Santiago, University of - Founded in 1501 by Diego de Muros (Bishop of the Canaries), and Lope Gómez Marzo, who on 17 July, 1501, executed a public document establishing a school and academy for the study of the humanities.
Santini, Giovanni Sante Gaspero - Astronomer, b. at Caprese in Tuscany, 30 Jan., 1787; d. at Padua, 26 June, 1877.
Santo Domingo, Archdiocese of - Erected on 8 August, 1511, by Julius II who by the Bull "Pontifex Romanus" on that date established also the Sees of Concepción de la Vega and of San Juan of Porto Rico.
Santos, João dos - Dominican missionary in India and Africa, b. at Evora, Portugal; d. at Goa in 1622.
São Carlos do Pinhal - Diocese; suffragan of the Archdiocese of São Paulo, Brazil, South America, created on 7 June, l908.
São Luiz de Cáceres - Diocese in Brazil, suffragan of Cuyabá.
São Luiz de Maranhão - Diocese; suffragan of Belém de Pará, comprises the State of Maranhão in Northern Brazil.
São Paulo - Ecclesiastical province in the Republic of Brazil, South America.
São Salvador de Bahia de Todos os Santos - Brazilian archdiocese established in 1551.
São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro - Ecclesiastical province of Rio de Janeiro, the third of the seven constituting the Brazilian episcopate.
São Thiago de Cabo Verde - This diocese has the seat of its bishopric on the Island of S. Nicolau.
Sappa - Diocese in Albania, established in 1062.
Sara - Wife of Abraham and also his step-sister.
Sarabaites - A class of monks widely spread before the time of St. Benedict.
Saragossa - Diocese in Spain.
Saragossa, University of - Not definitively established until 1585, its real founder being Don Pedro Cerbunc, Prior of the Cathedral of Saragossa, and later Bishop of Tarrazona.
Sarajevo, Archdiocese of - Treatise about the development of the Church in Bosnia.
Sarayacú Mission - The chief Franciscan mission of the Ucavali river country, Department of Loreto, north-east Peru, in the eighteenth century.
Sarbiewski, Mathias Casimir - The Horace of Poland, b. near Plonsk, in the Duchy of Masovia, 24 February, 1595; d. 2 April, 1649. He entered the novitiate of the Jesuits at Vilna on 25 July, 1612.
Sardes - A titular see of Lydia, in Asia Minor probably the ancient Hyde of Homer (Iliad, II, 844; XX, 385), at the foot of Mount Tmolus.
Sardica - A titular metropolitan see of Dacia Mediterranea. The true name of the city (now Sophia, the capital of Bulgaria) was Serdica.
Sardica, Council of - One of the series of councils called to adjust the doctrinal and other difficulties caused by the Arian heresy, held most probably in 343.
Sardinia - The second largest Italian island in the Mediterranean.
Sarepta - A titular see in Phoenicia Prima, suffragan of Tyre. It is mentioned for the first time in the voyage of an Egyptian in the fourteenth century B.C. Chabas, "Voyage d'un Egyptien" .
Sarnelli, Januarius Maria - One of S. Alphonsus's earliest companions, fourth son of Baron Angelo Sarnelli of Ciorani, b. in Naples 12 Sept., 1702; d. 30 June, 1744.
Sarpi, Paolo - A Servite and anti-papal historian and statesman, b. at Venice, 14 August, 1552; d. there 14 or 15 January, 1623.
Sarsfield, Patrick - Born at Lucan near Dublin, about 1650; died at Huy in Belgium, 1693. Commanded armies in several European countries.
Sarsina - Located in Aemilia, Province of Forli, Italy.
Sarto, Andrea del - Artist - Born at Florence in 1486; d. there in 1531.
Sarum Rite - The manner of regulating the details of the Roman Liturgy that obtained in pre-Reformation times in the south of England and was thence propagated over the greater part of Scotland and of Ireland.
Sasima - A titular see in Cappadocia. Sasima is mentioned only in three non-religious documents.
Saskatchewan and Alberta - The twin provinces of the Canadian West, so called because they were formed on the same day.
Sassari - Archdiocese in Sardinia, Italy, situated on the River Rossello in a fertile region: a centre of the oil, fruit, wine, and tobacco industries.
Sassoferrato, Giovanni Battista Salvi da - Seventeenth-century Italian artist.
Satala - A titular see in Armenia Prima, suffragan of Sabastia.
Satolli, Francesco - Theologian, cardinal, first Apostolic delegate to the United States, b. 21 July, 1839, at Marsciano near Perugia; d. 8 Jan., 1910, at Rome.
Saturninus, Saint - First bishop of Toulouse, third-century martyr.
Sauatra - Per Tillemont, one of the most illustrious martyrs France has given to the Church.